# AtCoder Beginner Contest 184 题解
# Problem A - Determinant (opens new window)
直接计算即可。
时间复杂度。
参考代码 (Python 3)
a, b = map(int, input().split())
c, d = map(int, input().split())
print(a * d - b * c)
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# Problem B - Quizzes (opens new window)
模拟。
时间复杂度。
参考代码 (Python 3)
n, x = map(int, input().split())
s = input()
for c in s:
if c == 'o':
x += 1
else:
x = max(0, x - 1)
print(x)
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# Problem C - Super Ryuma (opens new window)
分情况讨论:
- 起点和终点重合,总步数为。
- 一步可到达(共对角线或曼哈顿距离不超过),总步数为。
- 走两次对角线,设此时中间点为,可得到关于和的二元一次方程组,判断其是否有整数解(其实就是判断奇偶)。如果有整数解,总步数为。
- 枚举起点的邻近点,然后判断是否一步可到达。如果可到达,则总步数为。
- 其他所有情况都可以通过移动到一个相邻的格子转化为第三种情况,从而总步数为。
时间复杂度。
参考代码 (Python 3)
r1, c1 = map(int, input().split())
r2, c2 = map(int, input().split())
if r1 == r2 and c1 == c2:
print(0)
elif r1 + c1 == r2 + c2 or r1 - c1 == r2 - c2 or abs(r1 - r2) + abs(c1 - c2) <= 3:
print(1)
elif (r1 + c1 + r2 - c2) % 2 == 0:
print(2)
else:
for i in range(-3, 4):
for j in range(-3, 4):
if abs(i) + abs(j) > 3:
continue
r = r1 + i
c = c1 + j
if r + c == r2 + c2 or r - c == r2 - c2 or abs(r - r2) + abs(c - c2) <= 3:
print(2)
exit(0)
print(3)
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# Problem D - increment of coins (opens new window)
记忆化递归。
时间复杂度,其中。
参考代码 (C++)
#include <algorithm>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#define MAXN 101
using namespace std;
double memo[MAXN][MAXN][MAXN]{};
double dfs(vector<int> &coins) {
if (coins[1] == 0)
return 100.0 - coins[0];
if (coins[0] == 100 || coins[1] == 100 || coins[2] == 100)
return 0.0;
if (memo[coins[0]][coins[1]][coins[2]] >= 0)
return memo[coins[0]][coins[1]][coins[2]];
int s = 0;
for (int coin : coins)
s += coin;
double ans = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < 3; ++i) {
if (coins[i] > 0) {
vector<int> nxt(coins);
nxt[i]++;
ans += (double)coins[i] / s * (1 + dfs(nxt));
}
}
return memo[coins[0]][coins[1]][coins[2]] = ans;
}
int main() {
vector<int> coins(3);
for (int i = 0; i < 3; ++i)
cin >> coins[i];
sort(coins.rbegin(), coins.rend());
memset(memo, -1.0, sizeof(memo));
printf("%.12f", dfs(coins));
}
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# Problem E - Third Avenue (opens new window)
BFS。注意同一种类型的传送点只考虑一次。
时间复杂度。
参考代码 (C++)
#include <iostream>
#include <queue>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;
const int dx[4] = {-1, 0, 1, 0}, dy[4] = {0, -1, 0, 1};
const int INF = 0x3f3f3f3f;
int main() {
int h, w;
cin >> h >> w;
vector<string> a(h);
int si, sj, gi, gj;
vector<vector<pair<int, int>>> tele(26);
for (int i = 0; i < h; ++i) {
cin >> a[i];
for (int j = 0; j < w; ++j) {
if (a[i][j] == 'S')
si = i, sj = j;
if (a[i][j] == 'G')
gi = i, gj = j;
if (a[i][j] >= 'a' && a[i][j] <= 'z')
tele[a[i][j] - 'a'].emplace_back(i, j);
}
}
vector<bool> used(26);
vector<vector<int>> dist(h, vector<int>(w, INF));
dist[si][sj] = 0;
queue<pair<int, int>> q;
q.emplace(si, sj);
while (!q.empty()) {
auto [i, j] = q.front();
q.pop();
if (i == gi && j == gj) {
cout << dist[i][j] << endl;
return 0;
}
for (int k = 0; k < 4; ++k) {
int ni = i + dy[k], nj = j + dx[k];
if (ni < 0 || ni >= h || nj < 0 || nj >= w || dist[ni][nj] != INF ||
a[ni][nj] == '#')
continue;
dist[ni][nj] = dist[i][j] + 1;
q.emplace(ni, nj);
}
if (a[i][j] >= 'a' && a[i][j] <= 'z' && !used[a[i][j] - 'a']) {
used[a[i][j] - 'a'] = true;
for (auto [ni, nj] : tele[a[i][j] - 'a']) {
if (dist[ni][nj] == INF) {
dist[ni][nj] = dist[i][j] + 1;
q.emplace(ni, nj);
}
}
}
}
cout << -1 << endl;
}
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# Problem F - Programming Contest (opens new window)
折半搜索。
时间复杂度。
参考代码 (C++)
#include <iostream>
#include <set>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;
int main() {
int n, t;
cin >> n >> t;
vector<int> a(n);
for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i)
cin >> a[i];
set<int> L, R;
L.insert(0), R.insert(0);
int l = n / 2, r = n - l;
for (int i = 0; i < (1 << l); ++i) {
int s = 0;
for (int j = 0; j < l; ++j) {
if (i & (1 << j))
s += a[j];
if (s > t)
break;
}
if (s <= t)
L.insert(s);
}
for (int i = 0; i < (1 << r); ++i) {
int s = 0;
for (int j = 0; j < r; ++j) {
if (i & (1 << j))
s += a[l + j];
if (s > t)
break;
}
if (s <= t)
R.insert(s);
}
int ans = 0;
for (int li : L) {
auto it = R.lower_bound(t + 1 - li);
if (it != R.begin())
--it;
if (li + *it <= t)
ans = max(ans, li + *it);
if (ans == t)
break;
}
cout << ans << endl;
}
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